the flourish of art and fashion. Additionally, the role of novel and poem along with fashion in reinforcing the supremacy of Paris and making the city popular shouldn’t be ignored; in fact, characters like Notre-Dame de Paris, Le Père Goriot, and books such as La Curée, Le spleen de Paris, and more and more, while resulting in the city’s literariness manifest, had such a perdurable effect that make literature and Paris become interchangeable. In Casanova’s idea, Paris, the city of a hundred thousand