THE SEIGE OF VICKSBURG Introduction By 1860, the Union Army had failed to take two key locations along the Mississippi river at Port Hudson, and Vicksburg. This 142-mile stretch of the Mississippi River provided beef from Texas and sustainment from the fertile fields of Louisiana to the Confederate Army. The Union army had successfully blockaded ocean access to the south and all but a 142-mile stretch on the Mississippi River. Vicksburg, known as the Confederate Gibraltar1, was a major transportation