Willy Loman Motif

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Death of a Salesman, a play written by Arthur Miller, is a story of an aging salesman, Willy Loman, who fails to come to grips with his dreams and, as a result, manages to destroy himself. Although the play is set in a time frame of just three days, it is filled with many flashbacks, dreams, arguments and motifs, all leading up to the last few hours of Willy’s life. Throughout the story, Miller effectively uses examples of motif to emphasize the central theme of the play. In Death of a Salesman, motifs serve to develop the main theme that a man's flawed vision of success and inability to accept change in his life may lead to misery and unfulfillment. Willy’s views on success are demonstrated by the motif of being popular and well-liked while…show more content…
He believes that in order to achieve prosperity, one must simply be adored and popular. At one point in the play, Willy explains to his wife, Linda, “[Biff] could be big in no time. My God! Remember how they used to follow him around in high school? When he smiled at one of them their faces lit up. When he walked down the street…” (Miller 8) Based on Biff’s high social standing in high school, Willy believes that Biff could be successful very easily. This quote reveals that Willy has a faulty perception of success. Furthermore, not only does Willy adopt the wrong dreams for success, but he also disregards any kinds of morals in order to achieve it. After Willy finds out that Biff stole a football from the locker room, he says, “ Sure, he’s gotta practice with a regulation ball, doesn’t he? [To Biff] Coach’ll probably congratulate you on your initiative!” (19) He continues on to say, “That’s because he likes you. If somebody else took that ball there’d be an uproar.” (19) Instead of lecturing his son on his wrongdoings, Willy elevates being well-liked overall ethics when he suggests to Biff that he is able to get away with theft due to his superior social standing. Ironically, Biff’s thievery happens to be the one thing that leads up to most of the misfortunes throughout his career. At the end of the play, it is revealed, “[He] stole [himself] out of every good job since high…show more content…
Miller uses the motif of Willy’s contradictions as a way of demonstrating Willy’s own incapabilities of accepting the fact that he is a mediocre salesman. As Willy speaks to Linda, he calls Biff a "lazy bum" but then contradicts himself two lines later when he states, "And such a hard worker. There's one thing about Biff — he's not lazy" (8). Instead of accepting the fact that Biff is lost and is still unsure of what career he wants to pursue, Willy calls him lazy. He then, however, contradicts himself as he reminisces the past, when Biff was the star of the football team and things were much merrier. Furthermore, Willy is often deceiving about his own successes. He claims, “I’ll knock ‘em dead next week. I’ll go to Hartford. I’m very well liked in Hartford. You know, the trouble is, Linda, people don’t seem to take to me” (23). He contradicts himself once more by saying he is a very well-liked salesman in Hartford and then saying he is ignored. This proves that Willy is unable to admit his true state of failure and is incapable of accepting the fact that he was never an outstanding salesman. Willy’s inconsistencies prove his incompetence in admitting his own failures as a salesman, preventing him from ever improving, eventually resulting in
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