sword at the curtain which shrouds Polonius—in one of his only decisive moments. The death of Polonius is the cause of his daughter, Ophelia's, decent into madness and eventual suicide. These events in turn signal the return of Laertes, Polonius' son, who eventually kills Hamlet in a duel to avenge the deaths of his father and sister. The disastrous results of Polonius' surveillance underscore the toxicity of deception. Other examples of spying within Hamlet include Hamlet's friends,