Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 at Land port (now called Portsmouth), Hampshire, England. He was the second of eight children of John Dickens, a Navy clerk, and his wife Elizabeth. Dickens's mother moved with seven of her children into the prison with her husband. Only Charles was sent to work in a shoe-blacking factory to earn money for the family. Dickens was traumatized by this experience, which found its way into his partly autobiographical novel; David Copperfield (published 1850)