Road Planning In Nepal

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INTRODUCTION The roads having traffic less than 500 vehicles per day and connecting the rural areas are generally called low-volume roads or rural roads (Sinha, et al., 2002) (Gallegoa, Moyab, Pinie´, & Ayugad, 2008). Whilst the works described may be used any country in planning low-volume rural roads, the data are used from Nepal in this study. Road networks in Nepal are classified as strategic road network (SRN), urban road networks and rural road network (RRN). Strategic road networks are road networks which connect east to west and north to the south border, capital, regional headquarters, the district headquarters and major historical, religious and tourism points. SRN are developed and maintained by Department of Roads. Urban roads…show more content…
The experience from several successful rural road programs point out the need to think of rural road planning in terms of a system comprising not only methodology and criteria, but also the process and the procedures through which key constituencies are involved at various levels (Riverson, Gaviria, & Thriscutt, 1991). Gorkha district is located in the mid hill. It has covered an area of 3,610 sq km and population 268,942 (2011 census). The district is divided 3 electoral constituencies, 60 Village Development Committees (VDCs) and two municipalities. The map of Nepal indicating the Gorkha districts is shown…show more content…
But, very few scientific literature is available in the sector of low volume roads planning. Planning of the rural roads for developing countries is proposed for connecting the every village to the surrounding road network and minimizing the construction costs and travel time costs (Makarachi & Tillotson, 1991). Two steps of planning are assumed in this methodology: In the first step, the shortest spanning tree (SST) of the optimum network to connect each village in the minimum construction costs without considering travel time costs. In the second step generating SST with considering travel time costs. Shrestha (2002) developed a computer-aided methodology for district road network planning and prioritization in Nepal(Shrestha, 2002). He proposed separate criteria for developed (road density > 0.17 km/ sq.km) i.e. cost-benefit ratio and underdeveloped area (road density <= 0.17 km/sq km.) i.e. agricultural potential, interaction, accessibility, and environmental impacts (Shrestha, 2003). Leinbich & Cromley proposed a goal programming approach (Leinbach & Cromley, 1983). He proposed general project selecting model as

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