Journal Article Summary
Devastating as it may seem, there are numerous of challenges facing our youth in today’s society. Throughout the United States, Oppositional Defiant Behavior (ODD) has become a common diagnosis among children and adolescents. ODD is a psychiatric disorder that is characterized by two different sets of problems. A youth normally displays aggressiveness and a often argumentative when redirected by an authority figure. According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) guidelines, ODD is characterized by a repeating pattern of defiant, disobedient, hostile and negative behavior toward authority figures. These characteristics exist for at least six months and must occur more often…show more content… Verbal and physical aggression is caused by many factors, which is sometimes considered part of a normal developmental stage; however, verbal and physical aggression can also be a symptom of what DSM-V calls disruptive behaviors disorder. Youth with ODD can certainly be an annoyance and can be difficult to manage in a classroom setting. They often display verbal aggression toward authority figures who attempt to give directives or exercise their power over them. This article addresses three questions: (1) Is psychotherapy effective in reducing ODD symptoms in youths? (2) If so, do youths who attend counseling/psychotherapy use therapeutic approaches effectively? (3) Is there a particular approach that best helps youths with ODD? (Erford, et al.,…show more content… Two of the three conditioned group yielded an average weight. Participants who were conducted in the TAU comparison group yielded a much higher rate due to parent training and were more effective in reducing ODD symptoms and behaviors in youths. 2) Only two groups (single-group studies and wait-list studies) performed follow-up counseling and psychotherapy in which the single group more effectiveness in reducing ODD symptoms and behaviors in youths. 3) Due to the absence of heterogeneity, there were no significant differences noted in the interventions performed. Therefore, findings suggests that individual, group, family, and parent training counseling and psychotherapy combined with other therapeutic approaches played a limited part in reducing youths’ ODD symptoms or behaviors. However, there were limitations noted that showed fewer participants and there were no follow-up treatments to assist youths who needed additional counseling or psychotherapy in reducing their oppositional and defiant symptoms and behaviors (Erford, et al.,