Operation Barbarossa was a codename that Nazi Germany had. This code name was the name of their planned attack on the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was a state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991. It was a single-party state that was governed by the communist party. The attack took place during World War 2. The attack itself started on June 22 of 1941. The attack on the Soviet Union was given by Adolf Hitler. The reason that he attacked the Soviet Union was because he wanted their territory