Natural Disasters In Nepal

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Landslides are amongst the most damaging natural hazards in the mountainous terrain of tropical and subtropical environments (Dahal, et al., 2008). Potential sites that are particularly prone to landslides should therefore be identified in advance so as to reduce disaster damages. A recent global risk assessment study (Nadim et al., 2006) indicates that the regions with the highest risk of such danger can be found in Colombia, Tadjikistan, India, and Nepal, where the estimated number of people killed per year per 100 km2 was found to be greater than one. According to MoHA and DPNet Nepal, 2013, there are total 2942 small and large landslides in Nepal from 1972-2012. Very same report indicated that 4511 peoples are died, 1566 are injured, 5,55,705…show more content…
According to NSET, 2007, 9.8 people are affected by landslide and flood since 1972 to 2007. Of the total death by any type of natural disaster in 2010, 24.55% were by landslides (DWIDP, 2011). Out of the total deaths in 2012 by any type of disaster, 14% people lost their lives by landslides (DWIDP, 2011). Thus the recent trend throughout the country and especially for the affected area is to develop effective mitigation measures and safer land utilization regulations rather than cost-intensive projects of slope stabilizations. For landslide hazard mitigation, Spatio-temporal assessment of landslide hazard at national, regional and local scales are being considered as important decision-making tools for making detailed mitigation plans and preparedness for such hazards. Towards achieving this, characterization of each type of landslide hazard is a fundamental…show more content…
Thus, characterization of landslide hazard broadly means understanding or unraveling the mechanisms or interplay of all the determining factors (both predisposing and triggering), which leads to any slope failure. On medium scale (1:25,000), the landslide hazard assessment in a catchment or part of a hill district is being attempted by several methods ranging from simple geomorphological analysis to complex data treatment (Baeza and Corominas, 2001). The reliability of the geomorphological analysis depends on the appropriate interpretation of the landscape, which is based on subjective expert criteria. In order to reduce subjectivity and quantify the degree of susceptibility, data-driven techniques have been incorporated. All these methods first attempt to spatially disintegrate landslide-susceptible areas by correlating some of the main causative factors that contribute to landslides. All these methods first attempt to spatially disintegrate landslide-susceptible areas by correlating some of the main causative factors that contribute to landslides. But all the above techniques primarily need landslide characterization, which signifies the understanding of the slope processes and the relationship of those processes to the predisposing and triggering factors such as geology, geomorphology, hydrogeology, failure and slide mechanics, climate

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