the capital of the Ottoman Empire at that time. The sultan Mehmet II was also known as Mehmet al-Fatih which means the conqueror in Turkish. Mehmet II was also very well read in Islamic and Greek literature and he was also fluent in many languages such as Turkish, Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, Greek and Latin. By the age of twelve he was Sultan. By the age of twenty-one the Sultan Mehmed II had conquered the city of Constantinople, which brought an end to the Byzantine Empire. By the age of forty-nine
The First crusade The Crusades were a series of Christian attempts to retake the holy land from the “heathen” Muslims. After the Byzantines lost control of Jerusalem Emperor Alexius I talked to Pope Urban II about getting soldiers for the first Crusade in which the Christian Europeans retook Jerusalem. Many other Crusades followed all but the First being miserable wastes of life. After the Muslims started taking territory away from the Christians in their own holy war. The second Crusade failed
period of Pax Romana, the Roman Empire was in a time of peace and prosperity. Beginning with the rule of Augustus Caesar in 27 B.C.E, Pax Romana lasted until 180 C.E. A decade later came the rule of Diocletian, and in attempt to make the empire easier to rule, he split it into two. Clearly, this tactic failed, and Constantine, the ruler after Diocletian, tried to unite the halves, but failed, as the Western Roman Empire was already declining. The Western Roman Empire fell for three main reasons. Politically
the Mongols The prairies and the deserts belonging to Central Asia and Inner Asia contributed to the expansion of the Mongol Empire. However other successes in things like human interaction and social success cannot be traced back to a certain environmental factor. Nomadism also contributed to the rise of the empire and it’s expansion, starting one of the greatest empires in history. Nomadism in Central and Inner Asia Steppe nomads can accredit their success to their superb riding skills as hunters
started in an attempt to re-capture Jerusalem. Pope Urban II gave a dramatic speech, urging Christians to swarm towards Jerusalem and take their holy land away from the Muslims. He initiated the First Crusades in order to help the Christian Byzantine Empire, which was under attack by Muslim Seljuk Turks. Pope Urban III bribed the soldiers, offering them a remission of the sins they confessed in exchange for their loyalty in the crusades. The Christian knights, inspired by Pope Urban’s speech, joined
Day of Empire: How Hyperpowers Rise to Global Dominance - and Why They Fall, by Amy Chua analyzes the complex histories of empires that dominated the globe in addition to how they fell due to achieving domination. Chua’s overall thesis is that every hyperpower in history “described as having achieved global hegemony-- was ... extraordinarily pluralistic and tolerant during its rise to preeminence…. But here’s the catch.... tolerance eventually hit a tipping point, triggering conflict, hatred
The Crusaders military and financial successes allowed for the establishment Christian Kingdoms throughout the Outremer. Yet in the end, the Crusaders were vanquished from the Near East. For two-hundred years, the crusades had little intrinsic impact on the Muslims. Lands