Lesser Pay Research Paper

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Sociology Research Outline How and why do women of color earn a lesser pay through the United States’ labor market? I. Introduction A. Thesis: In this paper, I am going to examine how and why women of color earn a lesser pay throughout the labor market in the United States due to historical shortcomings and small social networks, internalized processes of employers when attempting to obtain a job, and institutional barriers that stand in the way of upward mobility. B. Importance: In the present day United States, women are—overall—paid less than men, earning 78 cents to every dollar that a man makes. For women of color, it is even less money earned compared to that of a white man. Black women earn 64 cents for every dollar a white…show more content…
Historically in America, people of color—specifically black people—have been marginalized in American society and discriminated against in many ways, including with the right to gain an education. While white people experience gaining an education as a competition, black youth have seen it as a sponsorship. If black youth were not sponsored to go to school and gain an education, the lack of education would affect their attainment for jobs and upward mobility in the United States (Porter, 315). B. There is a “social network segregation” in which black people and other people of color do not have access to job information due to their social networks not being as fleshed out as those of a white, upper class citizen. This is especially due to when jobs are given through the word of mouth (Braddock and McPartland, 6). Education has affected this because students who go for a higher education can make connections and also have their parent’s connections to jobs and other sources in…show more content…
Subclaim 2: Internalized processes of an employer can stand in the way for a person of color to obtain a job. A. The New York City Hiring Discrimination Study divided well-spoke, clean, young, college-educated men that exhibited well-adjusted interactions were split into two groups, include a white, Latino, and black man in each group. The study was to see if racial discrimination still dominated as a cause for economic inequality (Pager, Bonikowski, and Western 781). B. The first team was to test racial hierarchy in comparison to the white male in the group being the basis of the experiment. The second team focused on a criminal record on their résumés and what that would do to their possibility of being hired and if it had any correlation to their ascribed race (Pager, Bonikowski, and Western 781-2). C. The first team received 171 employers who called them back or offered them a job. 31% of those were to the white candidate, Latinos received 25.2% of those calls, and the black applicants only received 15.2% of the calls, only half of what their white contemporaries of whom they were just as qualified (Pager, Bonikowski, and Western

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