and its home government. This is referred to as the dependency theory. The situation in Nigeria, According to Arghiri (1972: p. 26), is such that “underdeveloped countries are exploited through the process of unequal exchange. In the realm of international trade, the underdeveloped countries sell their commodities below value and at the same time buy commodities from the developed countries above the
assets of the parent company. 3. The majority of its Board of Directors members are citizens of the home country. 4.The parent company is responsible for taking decisions on new investment as well as the local objectives. 5. MNCs exercise a great degree of economic dominance and are predominantly large sized. 6. MNCs control production activity with large foreign direct investment in many developed and developing countries. 7. MNCs are oligopolistic in character and are sustained by modern technologies
retain quite good diplomatic relations with many countries around the world while its hard power resources in terms of military force, except for economic power have been fragile in the face of threats from China.
be taken into account as the most important aim of the first dimension of public diplomacy. In other words, they should emphasis on their perception of the effect of their actions and explanation of the effect of these actions in the country's international image. The second dimension of public diplomacy is about the strategic communications in which a set of common threads are extended which resemble the political and advertising
Realism has been a major player in international politics. Unlike liberalism, realism stresses the fact that nation states are concerned with their own security and their own interests. Liberalism was founded on the idea of equality. Relativists tend to neglect ethical decision making in regards to conflicts among other states. Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Hobbes are the true founders of the realism theory. The evolutions of realism began with Thucydides and his theories for the Peloponnesian War
world or international issues. Theories like the world is made up of bad things and human has a bad instinct value, are categorized as Realism. While, theories that state the world is full of good things and humans keep
Multiple critical theories in International Relations prove themselves useful in gaining a better understanding of global events. The shifting dynamics caused by globalization and interdependency, amongst other developments, has created new sets of actors and mechanisms of exercising power that are not encompassed within the traditional, mainstream theories of International Relations. To account for these deficiencies in traditional IR theories, it is clear that the application of non-traditional
America must maintain relations with nations throughout the world. To do this America must influence nations to see its values, ideas, and government are legitimate. This happens through the power of diplomatic relations. In Joseph Nye’s article, The Decline of America’s Soft Power, he refers to this diplomatic relations as “soft power”. The article defines soft power as a countries ability to attract others by the legitimacy of policies and the values that underlie them (Nye, 2004). He also states
offer them in regards to science. The United States realized that the outcome would be far more beneficial to the Soviet Union and the policy makers decided to monitor closely and control the exchanges. The United States also believed that cultural relations would be negative for them, that the Soviet Union was going to use them to manipulate their people with communist beliefs and propaganda; oddly this is true for them both as the United States and Soviet Union agree to Cultural Exchange after the
Substantive rationality by contrast tells us what is the ‘correct’ outcome, given specified goals. For instance, the ‘only’ rational path forward for Russia in its desperate economic conditions of 1998 was to throw itself on the mercy of the International Monetary Fund-other strategies would have been possible but they would have been irrational. However, the usefulness of the Procedure VS Substance rationality in foreign policy conduct is limited as the link between procedural and substantive rationality