Previous study by Junn found that the application of token economy for students who answered questions correctly in class has helped students to perform better at school. In this case, the journal Exploration of Classroom Participation in The Presence of a Token Economy aimed to examine whether student’s class participation is influenced by the presence of token economy. This study hypothesised that token reinforcement through giving bonus point increases students participation in class. The participants
In a study contacted by Moog et al., they characterised the CASK alteration in 20 female patients by molecular karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, sequencing, reverse transcriptase (RT) and quantitative real-time PCR. They detected 11 submicroscopic
neurodevelopmental case study, Mr. A, a twenty-five-year-old Caucasian adult, has a moderate intellectual disability. Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), there are three criteria necessary to diagnose intellectual developmental disorder (p. 37). The American Psychiatric Association (2013) states that the specifiers include deficits to intellectual functions and adaptive functioning, as well as, recognition that the intellectual and adaptive deficits
developing (TD) children growing up with a sibling who has Autism. Research studies focused on families of
Fragile X Syndrome and effects on learning and development “Fragile X syndrome is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability” (Lizbeth H. Finestack, 2009). A single gene mutation on the X chromosome causes the syndrome. It affects about 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 6,000 to 8,000 females. (Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and, 2006). Fragile X syndrome, also known as Martin-Bell syndrome, was named after two men, Martin and Bell, who discovered, in 1943, that the condition is X-linked
Introduction Education is one of the most important aspects of human resource development and Poor school performance not only results in the child having a low self-esteem, but also causes significant stress to the parents so that , early school success is clearly related to later success and health Promoting optimal child health and development increases the likelihood of school success and is therefore important not only for children's immediate outcomes, but also for their future. Academic
Mr. A is a Caucasian male in his mid-twenties. Since childhood, he has had a severe Intellectual Developmental Disorder. The diagnostic criteria according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) included deficits in “…intellectual functions…confirmed by both clinical assessment and individualized, standardized intelligence testing” and “…adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and socio-cultural standards for personal independence
IDEA actually has fourteen different disability categories, and the child who is in question must meet the criteria within each disability. The first is autism which the federal government defines as “A developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engaging in repetitive activities and stereotyped
deficits seem to increase with worsening physical disability. Interestingly, MS patients most at risk for cognitive decline include those with low education attainment and advanced
This essay will explore the professional values supporting effective practice with children and young people, I am going to reflect on ethical, legal and professional responsibilities to the case study based scenario. Discussion based on a range of controversial issues relating to legal and professional responsibilities within the child adolescent. Finally I will report and record critical incidents occurring at the practice. All individuals have their own values, beliefs, and attitudes that develop