Genetic Engineering Advantages

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1.0 INTRODUCTION Genetic engineering is a technique involving the artificial addition, deletion or rearrangement of sequences of bases in DNA in order to alter the observable form and function of an organism (Hynes, 1989). Animal cell and tissue culture techniques are used concurrently with genetic engineering. Tissue culture is the general term for the culture of cells, tissues, or organ of animal on a suitable environment (Ryan, 2008). Involvement of both these techniques can be called as genetic engineering of mammalian cells. Modification of mammalian cells is far more complicated and costs more compared to the alteration of genes of simpler organisms, due to their larger genome. This technology has been beneficial to humans in many ways, especially in the medical and pharmaceutical field.…show more content…
It is a process of isolating the DNA of an organism and inserting it into another organism, producing new desirable traits. For genetic engineering, it is possible to introduce naked DNA or RNA covered with liposomes without the help of vector in mammalian cell culture (Montaldo, n.d). New drugs and vaccines can be developed, and human hormones and proteins are able to be reproduced in a large mass. This is extremely useful, especially in producing scarce useful biological products in treating diseases. Examples of these products are vaccines, antibodies, interferon, tissue plasminogen activator and also blood clotting factor. Cellular effects of genes can be studied as well. This can contribute greatly in cancer research. Artificial tissues and organs are produced through tissue engineering, assisted by artificial and natural protein produced by genetic engineering. Mammals such as pigs are genetically modified to produce organs for

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