Is an hydrocarbon base (consist of carbon and hydrogen in addition to nitrogen) and a trimer of Cyanamid, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton most commonly found in the form of white crystals. Like Cyanamid, it contains 67% nitrogen by mass. It was discovered in the 1830s by a German scientist Justus von Liebig
First calcium Cyanamid is converted into dicyandiamide, then heated above its melting temperature to produce melamine:-
6 HCNO(s) → C3H6N6(s) + 3CO2 (g)
Or it can be produced in two steps as following:-
First, urea decomposes into cyanic acid and ammonia in an endothermic reaction:
(NH2)2CO(s) → HCNO(s) + NH3 (g)
Then, cyanic acid polymerizes to form cyanotic acid which condenses with the liberated ammonia forming melamine
6 (NH2)2CO(s)…show more content… It’s slightly soluble in hot alcohol, benzene, glycerol and it is insoluble in ether, CCl4. It has a melting point about 618 K with molar mass of 126.12 g/mol and appears as white solid.
Melamine is used to manufacture melamine-formaldehyde resin, a type of plastic known for its flame-retardant properties and commonly employed in countertops, dry-erase boards, etc. Melamine itself is nitrogen-rich and is sometimes illegally added to food products to increase their apparent protein content. It has also been employed as a non-protein nitrogen, appearing in soy meal, corn gluten meal and cottonseed meal used in cattle feed. Melamine is known to cause renal failure and kidney stones in humans and animals when it reacts with cyanuric acid inside the body. The use of melamine in food production is not approved by WHO or national authorities.
Melamine, because it is rich in nitrogen, can be used to disguise milk that has been watered-down by fooling tests for protein levels. Consumed by humans it can produce kidney stones and other potentially fatal conditions, especially in…show more content… Urea is a main raw substance that has thermal non-catalytic with a high-pressure path. Melamine is a useful high-resistance material. It can easily melt and reformed to a stable shape. And this trait makes it preferable for the manufacturing purposes. Melamine is a major material in the Melamine Formaldehyde resins and in the Formaldehyde (MF) production. Also it acts as a major need in the production of material that are highly resistible towards flame such as: upholstery fabrics, the firemen clothes, heat liners, gloves that has thermal resistance, and aprons in order to keep safe from the hot stuffs. Additionally it keeps the wearer safe from the heat threats plus it helps the wearer resist the flash back of fire in buses and airplane by the use of fire blocker.
The mixture of melamine and formaldehyde produces Melamine Urea Formaldehyde (MUF) resin. Melamine resin is a strong thermos resistant plastic, which are used mainly in melamine plates, dry board erasers, in the paper and fabric usage, wood glues, surface insulation and in melding