5. Literature Review 5.1 Conceptualizing Electoral Administration An election is expected to provide fairness amongst contesting parties, candidates and voters. Not only does electoral integrity strengthens institutional confidence but also brings satisfaction with the performance of exercised right to electe a leader through the voting system. Norris(2013) notes that established democracies are often thought to be free from more serious ‘first order’ problems but commonly do face problems with election
Sectarian violence in Pakistan causes a great threat to Pakistan’s security and stability. This has created disturbance, hatred, violence and disorder in the society. Sectarian conflicts in Pakistan basically started after the soviet invasion of Afghan war and results in division of the society. Sunnis are financially supported by Saudi Arabia and Shia community in Pakistan is supported by Iran. Thus, gave birth to sectarian strife in Pakistan especially between Sunni and Shia. (Afzal, Iqbal, & Inayat
acclaim for its complex exploration of blackness and African American identity in contemporary American culture. His album covers such themes as growing up poor in Compton, police brutality against African Americans, and the systemic racism and violence that African Americans face. Thus, To Pimp a Butterfly represents Lamar’s critique of the supposedly “post-racial” nature of the current American socio-political landscape; as Stephanie Li notes, the “post-racial” phenomenon “implies an escape from
This is reflected in the uncertainty and absence of agreement between several ways used to explain the phenomenon. But still some aspects of propaganda can be studied without unconditional agreement in political and other sciences. Propaganda in many cases is associated with a distortion of the truth and such expressions as ‘brainwash’, ‘lie’, ‘manipulation’, ‘disinformation’ and everything that’s connected. This term became pejorative and, consequently, «whirled in a fuzz of guesses and presumptions»
Since the creation of The United States, agriculture and farmers had been the center of politics and the populism movement of the early 1890s is evident of that. The Populist Party sprung up in 1891 and quickly gained support in the Midwest and South by appealing to the poor farmers, organizing them and using this power to elect several officials to both state and the federal legislatures (T&S 669). The Populists promised to protect the small farmers from greedy banks and the big business of the
African-American Civil Rights Movement refers to the post-Civil War reform movements in the United States that was aimed at eliminating racial discrimination against African Americans, and improving educational and employment opportunities, while establishing electoral power. During this period between 1865 and 1895 there was a tremendous change in the fortunes of the black community after the elimination of slavery in the South. In 1865, two important events in the history of African Americans being the Thirteenth
Chapter One 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Historical and political Background 1.1.1. Nepal a Brief review Nepal, a mountainous country in south Asia, had been united by then king Prithvi Narayan Shah during his reign, 1743-1775 AD. After his death his successors also continued unification process and extended the boarder of this nation by 1816 before the Sugauli Sandhi (a treaty done with the then British India at the place named Sugauli). The Gorkha conquest in the late eighteenth century united into