1A.
H. L. A. Hart explains an Internal Point of View being a view that the rules or laws that exist are one’s own personal rules. They see rules as belonging to themselves; therefore they follow their own rules or their own group’s rules. The rules provide reasoning to behave a certain way and to sufficiently punish those that do not follow the rules. (Pages 108-109)
1B.
Social rules, such as taboos, regulate behavior of group members with force. When a potential law or mandate is looking to be passed, people of society will vote for or against such proposed law. If people voted for this law and it was passed, in a way, each individual would see this as being their personal rules that they need to follow. (Pages 108-109)
1C. The internal and external points of view differ from one another. Hart’s External Point of View involves people who are motivated to follow such rules to avoid punishment or sanction. These people see the punishment as reason to not violate a rule or law. Members in society identify with a system of secondary rules, we may commonly call this a constitution. People see rules of this external point of view as someone else’s rules that they must follow to avoid punishment. On the other hand, people see the rules in the internal point of view as their own personal rules that they are following to avoid punishment. (Page 109)
2A.…show more content… During the Nuremberg Trials, eight Nazi leaders were convicted for the crime of aggression. These leaders committed crimes that violated nationally accepted moral and legal behavior. There existed a lack of distinction between moral rules and legal rules, but the Nuremburg trial established that moral rules can be considered legal obligation. (Page