CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO FACE RECOGNITION
1.1. BIOMETRICS A biometric system is a technological system that uses information about a person to identify that person. Biometric systems rely on specific data about unique biological traits in order to work effectively. A biometric system will involve running data through algorithms for a particular result, usually related to a positive identification of a user or other individual. We all have unique physiological and behavioral characteristics that distinguish us from other people. Biometrics uses these unique characteristics to ascertain and verify people’s identity. Unique identifiers include distinct features such as fingerprints, various iris patterns, blood vessel patterns in the retina, voice inflections in speech, and hand shape/geometry. It also includes the way we…show more content… 2) Most commonly addressed case i.e. frontal and rotated angle.
3) The most difficult case when image pairs are not available and illumination variations are present.
2. Change in Illumination
Illumination variations are one of the most important problems in face recognition. Main reason behind this affect over the face recognition is that lighting condition alters the perception of faces. Lighting conditions change largely between indoor and outdoor environments. Moreover, extreme lighting can produce too dark or too bright images, which can disturb the recognition process.
3. Age Progression Human faces undergo considerable amount of variations with aging. While face recognition systems have been proven to be sensitive to factors such as illumination and gesture, their sensitivity to facial aging effects is yet to be studied. Facial aging is a complex process that affects both the shape and texture (e.g., skin tone or wrinkles) of a face. These shape and texture changes degrade the performance of automatic face recognition systems.
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